| Customization: | Available |
|---|---|
| Type: | Sheet |
| Standard: | AISI, ASTM, DIN, JIS, GB, BS |
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Nickel Alloy 4J29 (Ni29Co17, Kovar, Kv-1) is a high-performance alloy primarily composed of 29% Nickel (Ni) and 17% Cobalt (Co), with the balance being Iron (Fe), and is typically known by names such as Kovar or Kv-1. It is widely used for glass-to-metal seals, vacuum technology, and precision applications due to its exceptional properties, particularly its low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), which is very similar to that of borosilicate glass.
| Element | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| Nickel (Ni) | 29 |
| Cobalt (Co) | 17 |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance (~54%) |
| Manganese (Mn) | Trace |
| Silicon (Si) | Trace |
| Chromium (Cr) | Trace |
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density (g/cm³) | ~8.4 |
| Melting Point (°C) | ~1370-1450 |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (µm/m·°C) | ~5.1 (20-300°C) |
| Electrical Resistivity (µΩ·cm) | ~1.3 |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | ~480-560 |
| Yield Strength (MPa) | ~200-300 |
| Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) | ~16 |
Low Thermal Expansion: It has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion, making it ideal for applications involving glass-to-metal seals, where it needs to expand and contract similarly to the glass.
Dimensional Stability: This alloy is known for excellent dimensional stability under varying thermal conditions, which makes it a preferred material in environments that experience temperature fluctuations.
Good Workability: Kovar (4J29) is easy to process, machine, and weld, offering flexibility in manufacturing complex parts.
Strong Mechanical Properties: This alloy has high strength, ensuring its use in applications that involve stress and pressure.
Corrosion Resistance: It exhibits moderate corrosion resistance, particularly against various acids and salts.
Glass-to-Metal Seals: The main application of Kovar is in hermetically sealing glass to metal, which is essential in many electronics and vacuum tube components.
Electronic Components: Used in producing connectors, sockets, and semiconductor packages where a glass-to-metal seal is required.
Vacuum Tubes: 4J29 is commonly used in vacuum technology, such as vacuum tubes and flanges for its sealing properties.
Aerospace and Automotive: In both aerospace and automotive applications, it is used for high-strength and low-expansion parts exposed to harsh thermal environments.
Medical Devices: Used in implantable devices, sensors, and biomedical instruments that require material stability at different temperatures.
| Property | Precision Alloy Steel Sheets | |
| Material Composition | Similar to strips, precision alloy sheets are made from carefully controlled compositions, often with low expansion coefficients or specialized magnetic properties, such as Invar or Mu-metal. | |
| Thickness | Precision alloy sheets are thicker than strips, typically ranging from 0.5 mm to several millimeters, depending on mechanical and thermal property requirements. | |
| Applications | Commonly used in industries such as aerospace, electronics, and medical devices for components like structural parts, enclosures, and sensitive instrumentation that require controlled mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy. | |
| Mechanical Properties | High tensile strength, excellent flatness, and precision in dimensions. These sheets offer stable mechanical properties under both high and low temperature conditions. | |
| Thermal Properties | Similar to strips, these sheets are designed for specific thermal behaviors, such as low expansion or high-temperature stability, depending on the alloy (e.g., Invar, Mu-metal). | |
| Electrical Properties | Precision alloys in sheet form may also have controlled electrical resistance, especially for applications in sensitive electronics or electrical components. | |
| Magnetic Properties | Similar to strips, magnetic alloys like Mu-metal sheets are used for shielding in sensitive equipment to control or eliminate external magnetic interference. | |
| Forming & Fabrication | Precision alloy sheets can be cold-rolled, heat-treated, laser-cut, or stamped. They are suitable for both complex shapes and applications requiring high dimensional tolerance and material consistency. | |
| Heat Treatment | Heat treatments like solution annealing or stress-relief are common for precision alloy sheets to improve properties such as strength, stability, and resistance to thermal expansion. | |
| Welding & Joining | Precision alloy sheets can be welded or brazed, although welding requires careful control of heat to avoid compromising the alloy's properties. | |
| Examples of Alloys | Invar, Mu-metal, Kovar, Constantan, Permalloy | |
| Cost | Precision alloy sheets are also expensive, as they require precise manufacturing and composition control. Their cost is higher than standard steel or non-precision alloys. | |
| Common Standards | ASTM A-240, ASTM B-637, ASTM B-553, AMS 5525 |
1: What is precision alloy?
Precision alloys refer to special alloys with high purity, uniformity and stability. They are usually used to manufacture parts or components that have extremely strict size, shape and performance requirements. They have special physical properties (such as magnetic, electrical, thermal, etc.) and chemical properties to meet specific engineering requirements.
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